Diagnosis of Urinary (Kidney) Tract Stones

Kidney stones are often diagnosed in the Emergency Department, when children come in with severe belly or side pain. If your child has symptoms of kidney stones, an evaluation may include:

  • Medical history (genetics / heredity)
  • Physical examination (diet, body weight, fluid intake)
  • Radiology exams
Radiology Exams – Image Gently
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Our radiology team is part of a group of organizations participating in the Image Gently initiative, to raise awareness for methods to reduce radiation dose during pediatric medical imaging exams.

If a urinary tract stone is suspected in your child, the physician will order radiologic testing to confirm the presence of a stone. Some types of radiologic testing that may be ordered include:

  • Renal Ultrasound, which takes pictures of the kidneys, ureters and bladder to detect stones
  • Computerized Tomography (CT) Scan, takes three dimensional (3-D) pictures of the body and determine the location(s) of the stone(s)
  • KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder), a quick, simple X-ray that uses external radiation to assess your child’s abdomen and view the urinary tract and the presence of any stone(s)
Urine Testing (Litholink)
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Litholink is a urine analysis test that checks for the presence of a urinary tract infection and measures the levels of chemicals that can form kidney stones.

Blood Tests
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Our Nephrologist may order additional metabolic and blood tests based on your child’s history and physical examination.

Genetic Testing
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Our geneticist may order blood tests to determine if your child or your child’s biological family has a genetic predisposition for stone disease.

Learn more information about genetic testing.

Stone Analysis
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Once a stone has passed, it is analyzed to determine it’s chemical composition. Different types of stones have different causes.

Dietary Consultation
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Diet is often linked to stone formation. Based on your child’s testing and stone analysis, he or she may be referred to a dietitian for a consultation.

A dietitian will evaluate your child’s daily intake of calcium, vitamin D, fruits, vegetables, salt and protein to determine if your child’s diet is related to his or her stone formation.